Work Doesn't Work by David K. Shipler

Author:David K. Shipler
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group
Published: 2018-10-01T16:00:00+00:00

Notes

Introduction: At the Edge of Poverty

1. From the poem by Emma Lazarus inscribed on the Statue of Liberty.

2. Richard A. Oppel, Jr., New York Times, Dec. 18, 2000, p. A19.

3. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Federal Reserve Bulletin, Sept. 2014, Vol. 100, No. 4, Table 2, p.12.

4. “Life Expectancy at Birth” and “Mortality Rate, infant,” The World Bank, 2015.

5. Webster’s New International Dictionary, 2nd ed., unabridged (Springfield, Mass.: Merriam, 1956), p. 1935.

6. American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 3rd ed. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1992), p. 1419.

7. Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (Springfield, Mass.: Merriam, 1983), p. 922.

8. Michael Harrington, The Other America (Baltimore: Penguin, 1963), pp. 173–74.

9. The Census Bureau “counts money income before taxes and does not include capital gains and noncash benefits (such as public housing, Medicaid, and food stamps).” The poverty threshold is adjusted annually on the basis of the consumer price index.

10. For more on the history of the poverty index, see Gordon M. Fisher, “The Development of the Orshansky Poverty Thresholds and Their Subsequent History as the Official U.S. Poverty Measure,” http://www.census.gov/hhes/poverty/povmeas/papers/orshansky.html [inactive].

11. Kathleen Short, John Iceland, and Thesia I. Garner, Experimental Poverty Measures, 1998 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Census Bureau), http://www.census.gov/hhes/poverty/povmeas/exppov/exppov.html [inactive].

12. Kathleen Short, “The Research Supplemental Poverty Measure,” Current Population Reports: 2010, Nov. 2011, http://www.census.gov/prod/2011pubs/p60‒241.pdf [inactive].

13. The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer, Public Broadcasting System, Mar. 17, 1997.

14. Weekend Edition, National Public Radio, Jan. 16, 2000.

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